Fuji Xerox to Mass Produce VCSEL
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| January 10, 2002
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<VCSEL>
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Based on its unique semiconductor laser technology,
Fuji Xerox has developed a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
(VCSEL) that requires very little electric power to produce high
output and that is superior in uniformity. It began mass production
and shipment of the product for use in the fiber optic communications
field on December 7, 2001, making Fuji Xerox the first Japanese
maker to accomplish this.
The product is an AlGaAs (Aluminum Gallium Arsenide)
based VCSEL. It has outstanding features including an output wavelength
of 840 - 860nm (1 nanometer (nm)=1 billionth of a meter), maximum
fiber optic output rating of 4mW (1 milliwatt (mW)=1 thousandth
of a watt), and a modulation rate of more than 2.5Gb/s (2.5 billion
bits per second), making it widely accepted as the top benchmark
among leading foreign makers.
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| Composition and Features |
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| Fuji Xerox's VCSEL is a semiconductor micro laser diode
that emits light vertically rather than horizontally. Emitting light vertically
from the surface of a semiconductor substrate offers significant advantages
when compared to horizontal, edge-emitting lasers that have been employed
in the past.
Vertical surface-emitting lasers can emit light from anywhere
on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, making it simple to use
them in arrays with multiple emitting spots. One key technical advantage
of VCSEL is its ability to produce a circular, low-divergence output beam
in a perpendicular direction, which simplifies or even eliminates the
need for light focus optics in many applications, as well as allowing
the change to micro-sized modules that use lasers.
In technical terms, VCSELs, which employ the world's leading
edge oxidant process, offer a number of advantages over products widely
used in the past. Not only do they keep power consumption low, they are
also faster and have higher output power, uniformity and reliability.
This in turn leads to the simplification of control circuits, or corrective
optic circuits, and makes direct drive C-MOS possible, which inevitably
leads to lower costs.
Fuji Xerox is the first domestic maker to mass-produce both
vertical surface-emitting type and oxidized type semiconductor lasers.
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| Features of Fuji Xerox's Oxide VCSEL Technology |
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| Communications Field |
| High uniformity |
Less than 10% threshold currency fluctuation |
| Low threshold currents |
Approx. 1mA (Varies according to customer request specifications) |
| Low power consumption |
Less than 10mW (2mW of optical output at time of output) |
| High reliability |
Over three million operating hours |
| High speed |
Suitable to speeds greater than 5Gbps |
| Monolithic array technology |
Allows the integration of over 1,000 elements |
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| Measuring Field |
| High uniformity |
Less than 10% threshold currency fluctuation |
| High optical output technology |
World's highest output of 3.4mW for 780nm single-mode
(Previously 1.1mW) |
| Low threshold current |
Less than 0.5mA |
| Low power consumption |
Less than 5mW (1mW of optical output at time of output) |
| Monolithic array technology |
Allows the integration of over 1,000 elements |
| Polarization regulation technology |
Makes it possible to arrange all the polarized light
of the VCSEL array in one direction |
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| VCSEL Specifications (AM-0001) |
| Parameter |
Minimum |
Typical |
Maximum |
| Threshold current (mA) |
0.5 |
1 |
2 |
| Slope efficiency (mW/mA) |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
| Wavelength (nm) |
840 |
850 |
860 |
| Wavelength temperature coefficient (nm/°C) |
- |
0.06 |
- |
| Spectral width: RMS (nm) |
- |
- |
0.85 |
| Forward voltage (V) |
1.8 |
2.0 |
2.3 |
| Series resistance (ohm) |
-50 |
- |
70 |
| Beam divergence: FWHM (deg.) |
20 |
- |
30 |
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| Absolute Maximum Ratings |
| Storage temperature (°C) |
-40 to 100 |
| Case operating temperature (°C) |
0 to 70 |
| Lead solder temperature 260°C, 10 sec. |
260 degrees celsius 10 seconds |
| Operating current (mA) |
15 |
| Continuous reverse voltage (V) |
5 |
| Optical output power (mW) |
4 |
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| VCSEL Products |
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| Variation in Wavelength and Beam Shape |
Fuji Xerox has put in place plans to add multimode and single mode VCSELs
to its product lineup. Multimode VCSELs are for optical communications applications,
have a wavelength of 780 - 850nm and a narrow line-width of less than 1nm.
Single mode VCSELs are for measurement and storage applications, have a
780 nm wavelength and a narrow line-width of less than 0.1nm. Through these,
Fuji Xerox will continue its advance into a wide range of optics-related
fields, including optic recording, optic sensors and Coarse Wave Division
Multiplexing (CWDM). |
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| Customized One- and Two-Dimension Arrays |
Fuji Xerox is planning to offer customized VCSEL, allowing differences in
proprietary design specifications such as the positioning and arrangement
of the light-emitting spots, depending on customer specifications. This
is made possible by lining up multiple VCSELs in one and two dimension arrays
on a substrate. Array technology makes the most of the benefits offered
by VCSEL, and fosters the technological capabilities Fuji Xerox possesses
regarding optical applications. |
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| Change to High Speed |
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Fuji Xerox is also scheduled to commence shipping of a sample VCSEL for
optic communications applications that can modulate up to a speed of 10Gb/s,
from Spring 2002. Fuji Xerox also plans to step up efforts to strengthen
its product lineup by switching to broadband for communications. |
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| VCSEL Applications |
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VCSELs emit light at a wavelength of 850nm and operate at the 10Gb/s data
rate, meeting the performance requirements of very-short-reach (VSR) fiber
optic applications and high speed Gigabit Ethernet. As an increasingly key
component in fiber communications, the popularity of VCSEL is expected to
spread throughout the world as it can support the change to a high-speed
communications infrastructure at both the office and the home. |
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| Uses of Optical Backplane Bus and Optical
Sheet Bus Systems |
The optical sheet bus that Fuji Xerox developed are used as a source of
light, and with the Board-to-Board and Chip-to-Chip interconnections they
contain, are expected to provide significant advantages for servers and
client PCs that require high capacity systems. |
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| Price |
1,000 yen per unit; minimum 10 units (wafer cut-outs)
Price and unit number are subject to change. For details please contact
Fuji Xerox. Packages will be supplied depending on usage needs. |
| Availability |
Worldwide (upon request)
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To download the image of VCSEL, visit
http://www.fujixerox.co.jp/release/picture/VCSEL.jpg
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